Sulfuric acid
Molar mass: 98.08 g/mol · Class: Strong diprotic acid
Elements: hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen
Structure
The molecule has a central sulfur bonded to four oxygens in a tetrahedral arrangement, with two of the oxygens carrying hydrogen atoms. It loses its first proton completely in water and the second partially, making it diprotic.
Properties
Strong diprotic acid; oily, dense liquid
Powerful dehydrating agent: chars sugar and wood
Reacts violently with water, releasing large amounts of heat
Concentrated acid is a strong oxidizing agent when hot
Applications
Fertilizer production (phosphoric acid and ammonium sulfate)
Lead-acid car batteries
Petroleum refining and metal processing
Drain cleaners (concentrated, professional use)
Highly corrosive: causes severe chemical burns and blindness on eye contact. ALWAYS add acid to water slowly, never water to acid. Wear goggles and gloves; keep no skin exposed. Store locked away from children.
Data source: IUPAC standard atomic weights 2021; molar mass computed from H2SO4