ICE Table
Definition
A bookkeeping chart for equilibrium problems: write Initial concentrations, the Change, and the Equilibrium values, then solve.
Technical definition
An ICE table organizes equilibrium calculations into rows for Initial concentration, Change (plus or minus x, scaled by stoichiometry), and Equilibrium concentration. Substituting the equilibrium row into the K expression yields an equation solvable for x.
Example
For A forming B with [A] initial = 1.0 M and Kc = 4, the table gives x / (1.0 - x) = 4, solving to x = 0.80 M at equilibrium.
Common confusion
The change row uses the reaction's stoichiometry, not 1:1 by default. For 2A forming B, the change in A is -2x while B gains +x.